Kim J.
Cytokines and adhesion molecules in stroke and related diseases, J Neurol Sci 137(2) :69-78, 1996 (REF: 129).
Abstract
Once thought as immunologically naive, cells from the central nervous system have been shown to become immunologically reactive and
produce various substances including cytokines and adhesion molecules. Recent investigations have revealed that mRNAs of certain
cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 are expressed in the ischemic brain of the animals. Chemokines
including CINC, MCP-1, and MIP-1, as well as adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1. ELAM and P-selectin were also found to be
expressed. Although identification of the cells producing these cytokines were often difficult, neurons, endothelia, activated astrocytes and
microglia/macrophages were the likely sources. The induction of these molecules in ischemic brain is time-locked and appears to be
controlled in a highly regulated manner during the process of ischemic cascade. The functional role, interrelationship, and basic mechanism of
action of these molecules are being increasingly recognized.
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